Glossary
Black Frame Insertion (BFI)
A display technique that inserts black frames between rendered frames to reduce motion blur on sample-and-hold panels (LCD, OLED). Improves perceived motion clarity at the cost of brightness and flicker.
Sample-and-hold displays show each frame continuously until the next one arrives. The eye, tracking a moving object, smears the static frame across the retina — perceived as motion blur, even at high refresh rates.
How BFI helps
Inserting a black frame between rendered frames mimics the impulse-driven behavior of CRT displays. The brief darkness resets the eye's integration, producing visibly sharper motion.
The trade-offs
- Brightness loss. Inserting black halves average luminance — peak HDR is sacrificed.
- Flicker. At 60 Hz BFI, the inserted black is visible to many viewers as flicker (eyestrain, headaches). At 120+ Hz, flicker becomes imperceptible.
- Input lag. Some implementations add 1–2 frames.
Where it's useful
- Competitive 1080p / 1440p gaming where motion clarity beats peak brightness.
- 120 Hz BFI on OLED TVs for sports.
- VR headsets (where it's nearly universal — Quest, Index, Vision Pro all use low-persistence modes).
Where this matters
Categories that use black frame insertion (bfi)
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